4 from holistic to discrete speech sounds

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... continua from low to high, executed by the tongue body),. maggie tallerman: language origins 04-tallerman-chap04 page proof page 68 30.12.2004 10:20am ...
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4Fromholistictodiscretespeechsounds:theblindsnowXake-makerhypothesisPierre-YvesOudeyer4.1ThespeechcodeSoundisamediumusedbyhumanstocarryinformationwhentheyspeaktoeachother.Theexistenceofthiskindofmediumisaprerequisiteforlanguage.Itisorganizedintoacode,calledspeech,whichprovidesarepertoireofformsthatissharedineachlanguagecommunityandthatallowsitsuserstoencodecontentinformation.Thiscodeismainlyconventional,andthusintuitivelyrequirescoordinatedinteractionandcommunicationtobeestablished.How,then,mightaspeechcodebeformedpriortotheexistenceofcommunicationandoflanguage-likeinteractionpatterns?Moreover,thehumanspeechcodeischaracterizedbyseveralpropertieswhichwehavetoexplain.Herearesomeofthem:Property1:Discretenessandsystematicre-use.Speechsoundsarepho-nemicallycodedasopposedtoholisticallycoded.Thisimpliestwoaspects:(i)ineachlanguage,thecontinuumofpossiblesoundsisbrokenintodiscreteunits;(ii)theseunitsaresystematicallyre-usedtobuildhigher-levelstructuresofsounds,likesyllables.Forexample,inarticul...
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