The rankings game: effects of us news' best colleges on student

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The arts and sciences at the university of pennsylvania in 1959, roose and andersen's a rating of graduate programs in 1970, and the national academy of ...

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Table of contents
Table of contents
Lindsay Pontello
1
    Advised by Hilarie Lieb
    1
      Table of Contents
      3
        Abstract
        4
          Introduction
          5
            History & Literature Review
            6
              The History of Ranking Colleges
              6
                Exhibit 1: Cattel’s 1910 Rankings of Scientific Strength with Gain/Loss from 4 Years Prior
                7
                  The Impact of College Rankings
                  13
                    Student Matriculation Decisions and Yield Rates
                    17
                      Exhibit 2: Key Findings of Reviewed Literature
                      18
                        Data and Methodology
                        21
                          Model
                          24
                            Results
                            26
                              Table 1: Descriptive Statistics
                              26
                                Table 2: Correlation Matrix of Variables
                                28
                                  Table 3 U.S. News and World Report Rankings and Admissions Outcomes
                                  29
                                    Table 4 U.S. News and World Report Rankings and Admissions Outcomes
                                    31
                                      Table 5: Coefficients of Years in Model 2.2 (Using 2004 as Baseline)
                                      33
                                        Table 6: Coefficients of Years in Model 2.2 (Using Swarthmore as Baseline)
                                        34
                                          Conclusion and Limitations
                                          35
                                            Appendix 1: List of School Presidents that signed “President’s Letter”
                                            37
                                              Appendix 2: 1872 University Statistics (United States Bureau of Education)
                                              39
                                                Appendix 4: College Enrollment 1869-2017 (“U.S. College Enrollment”)
                                                40
                                                  Appendix 5: Number of Colleges 1769-2016 (Snyder; “Number of Higher Education”)
                                                  40
                                                    Appendix 6: Average College Tuition from 1980- 2014 in 2014 dollars (Ma, et al)
                                                    41
                                                      Appendix 7: 1983 U.S. News Rankings (U.S. News)
                                                      42
                                                        Appendix 8: 2017 U.S. News Methodology (U.S. News)
                                                        43
                                                          Appendix 9: Comparison of 2017 Methodologies of Select Ranking Publications
                                                          44
                                                            Appendix 10: Human Capital Model of College Costs and Payoffs (Rosburg)
                                                            44
                                                              Appendix 11: Nurnberg, et al Williams Enrollment Decision Model (Nurnberg, et al)
                                                              45
                                                                Appendix 12: College/ High School Earnings by Generation (Taylor, et al)
                                                                45
                                                                  Appendix 13: 2004-2017 Included COFHE School Rankings (U.S. News)
                                                                  46
                                                                    Appendix 14: Summary of Changes to U.S. News Methodology (U.S. News)
                                                                    47
                                                                      Appendix 15: “U.S. News College Rankings” online searches 2004-2017 (Google Trends)
                                                                      47
                                                                        References
                                                                        48
                                                                          Addo, Koran. “Economic Diversity on College Campuses Is an Elusive Goal.” Stltoday.com, 10
                                                                          48
                                                                            Amsler, Sarah S., and Chris Bolsmann. “University Ranking as Social Exclusion.” British
                                                                            48
                                                                              Avery, Christopher, and Caroline Hoxby. “Do and Should Financial Aid Packages Affect
                                                                              48
                                                                                Avery, Christopher, and Jonathan Levin. “Early Admissions at Selective Colleges.” NATIONAL
                                                                                48
                                                                                  Bastedo, Michael N., and Nicholas A. Bowman. “College Rankings as an Interorganizational
                                                                                  48
                                                                                    Dependency: Establishing the Foundation for Strategic and Institutional
                                                                                    48
                                                                                      Becker, Gary S. “Investment in Human Capital: A Theoretical Analysis.” Journal of Political
                                                                                      48
                                                                                        Betterton, Donald M, et al. “Impact of Various Communication Methods and Tools on College
                                                                                        48
                                                                                          Caruso, Peter, et al. “A View of the U.S. News & World Report Rankings of Undergraduate
                                                                                          49
                                                                                            Cattell, James McKeen. American Men of Science. 2nd ed., The Science Press, 1910.
                                                                                            49
                                                                                              Che, Yeon-Koo, and Youngwoo Koh. “Decentralized College Admissions.” Journal of Political
                                                                                              49
                                                                                                Common Data Sets, COFHE Schools, 2004-2017
                                                                                                49
                                                                                                  Ehrenberg, Ronald. “An Economic Analysis of the Market for Law School Students.” Journal of
                                                                                                  49
                                                                                                    Eide, Eric, et al. “Does It Pay to Attend an Elite Private College? Evidence on the Effects of
                                                                                                    49
                                                                                                      Education Review, vol. 17, no. 4, 1998, pp. 371–376., doi:10.1016/s0272-
                                                                                                      49
                                                                                                        Financial Statements and Annual Reports, COFHE Schools, 2004-2017
                                                                                                        49
                                                                                                          Fowles, Jacob, et al. “University Rankings: Evidence and a Conceptual Framework.” Public
                                                                                                          49
                                                                                                            Gnolek, Shari L., et al. “Modeling Change and Variation in U.S. News & World Report College
                                                                                                            49
                                                                                                              Griffith, Amanda, and Kevin Rask. “The Influence of the U.S. News and World Report
                                                                                                              50
                                                                                                                Collegiate Rankings on the Matriculation Decision of High-Ability Students: 1995-
                                                                                                                50
                                                                                                                  2004.” Economics of Education Review, vol. 26, no. 2, 2007, pp. 244–255.,
                                                                                                                  50
                                                                                                                    doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2005.11.002.
                                                                                                                    50
                                                                                                                      Hattendorf, Lynn C. “College and University Rankings: Part 4—An Annotated Bibliography of
                                                                                                                      50
                                                                                                                        Hesel, Richard A, et al. “College-Bound Students Use a Wide Variety of College Rankings
                                                                                                                        50
                                                                                                                          Hoxby, Caroline, and Bridget Terry. “Explaining Rising Income and Wage Inequality Among
                                                                                                                          50
                                                                                                                            Leonard, John William. Who's Who in America: a Biographical Dictionary of Notable Living
                                                                                                                            50
                                                                                                                              Machung, Anne. “Playing the Rankings Game.” Change 30, no. 4 (July/August 1998):12-16
                                                                                                                              50
                                                                                                                                Meredith, Marc. “Why Do Universities Compete in the Ratings Game? An Empirical Analysis of
                                                                                                                                50
                                                                                                                                  McDonough, Patricia M., Anthony Lising Antonio, Mary Beth Walpole, and Leonor Xóchitl
                                                                                                                                  51
                                                                                                                                    McLachlan, Megan. “Going Away to College: Data on 350,000 HS Grads.” Ink: Niche Insight +
                                                                                                                                    51
                                                                                                                                      Monks, James, and Ronald G Ehrenberg. “The Impact of U.S. News and World Report College
                                                                                                                                      51
                                                                                                                                        Rankings on Admission Outcomes and Pricing Decisions at Selective Private
                                                                                                                                        51
                                                                                                                                          Nurnberg, Peter, et al. “Students Choosing Colleges: Understanding the Matriculation Decision
                                                                                                                                          51
                                                                                                                                            Owings-Edwards, Stephanie. “The Effect On Wage Of Attending A U.S. News And World
                                                                                                                                            51
                                                                                                                                              Report Best College.” Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC), vol. 2, no. 10,
                                                                                                                                              51
                                                                                                                                                Oct. 2005, pp. 21–32., doi:10.19030/tlc.v2i10.1870.
                                                                                                                                                51
                                                                                                                                                  Parker, Jeffrey, and Jeffrey Summers. “Tuition and Enrollment Yield at Selective Liberal Arts
                                                                                                                                                  51
                                                                                                                                                    Snyder, Thomas D. 120 Years of American Education: a Statistical Portrait. United States
                                                                                                                                                    52
                                                                                                                                                      Taylor, Paul, et al. “The Rising Cost of Not Going to College.” Pew Research Center's Social &
                                                                                                                                                      52
                                                                                                                                                        The Education Trust. “A Glimpse Inside the Coffers: Endowment Spending at Wealthy Colleges
                                                                                                                                                        52
                                                                                                                                                          Trusheim, Dale, et al. “College Applicants' Attitudes and Enrollment Decisions.” Research in
                                                                                                                                                          52
                                                                                                                                                            U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges, Print Editions, 1983-2017
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                                                                                                                                                              The Rankings Game: Effects of U.S. News’ Best Colleges on Student Enrollment Decisions Lindsay Pontello Advised by Hilarie Lieb MMSS Senior Thesis, Northwestern University May 2018 2 Acknowledgements First, I would like to thank my parents, Robert and Leslie Pontello, for providing me with the opportunity to attend Northwestern University and for supporting me at every step along the way. I am also so thankful for my thesis advisor Professor Hilarie Lieb, who shared the same enthusiasm towards my topic and offered great direction and advice. In addition, a huge thank you goes out to my MMSS professors and classmates; my MMSS experience would not have been the same without all of you, and your support while writing this thesis has meant so much to me. 3 Table of Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................4 Introduction ...........................................................

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